The Influence of Training and Resource Availability on the Implementation Success of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir (LA-CAB) At Gitwe Hospital

Authors

  • Aime Fidele Ndayiragije Mvuyekure Adventist University of the Philippines image/svg+xml Author
  • Edivaldo Abel Lombongo Ekuva & Services , Lombongo Ekuva & Filhos, Angola Author
  • Kingsley Garba Jacob Adventist University of the Philippines Author
  • Simon Pierre Ndayishimye Mvuyekure Africa Health Science University, Rwanda Author
  • Christian Ndede Cavite State University, Philippines Author
  • Kwizera Jules Jordan Saint Louis Baguio , Philippines Author

Keywords:

Training, Resource availability, Long-acting injectable Cabotegravir

Abstract

The study aimed to assess the influence of healthcare provider training and resource availability on the implementation success of long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) at Gitwe Hospital. Despite global efforts to roll out CAB-LA for HIV prevention, implementation in low-resource settings remains a challenge due to gaps in provider preparedness and limited access to essential materials. Through a quantitative cross-sectional survey design, a total of 149 healthcare professionals were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, and multiple regression. The results show that the respondents had a high level of training and favorable perceptions of resource availability. Evident limitations remained in practical training and access to essential medical equipment. The study found that healthcare provider training had a moderate correlation with the implementation success of CAB-LA (rho = 0.665, p = < .001). Conversely, resource availability exhibited a strong correlation with implementation success (rho = 0.707, p = < .001), while multiple regression analysis revealed that resource availability (β = 0.464, p < .001) was a stronger predictor of implementation success than healthcare provider training (β = 0.277, p = 0.002). The findings suggest that both training and resource availability are crucial to the successful implementation of CAB-LA, with resource sufficiency playing a comparatively stronger role. Enhancing practical training sessions and addressing equipment and logistical gaps are recommended. Improving structural support and training systems will be key to optimizing CAB-LA rollout and contributing meaningfully to HIV prevention efforts.

 

Author Biographies

  • Aime Fidele Ndayiragije Mvuyekure, Adventist University of the Philippines

    Aime Fidele Ndayiragije Mvuyekure is a Rwandan scholar and PhD candidate at the Adventist University of the Philippines in the department of Public Health. He currently serves as a Lecturer in the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Gitwe, Rwanda. In addition to his academic role, he is also the Director of Communications at the Adventist University of the Philippines. His work reflects a strong commitment to advancing health sciences education, communication, and research both locally and internationally.

  • Edivaldo Abel, Lombongo Ekuva & Services, Lombongo Ekuva & Filhos, Angola

    Edivaldo de Jesus Abel
    Edivaldo Abel, PhD, is an Angolan citizen who currently serves as the General Director at Lombongo Ekuva & Services. In addition to his role in the organization, he lectures at the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences at the Methodist University of Angola. He also teaches in the master's program in human resources at the Polytechnic Institute of Science and Technology (INSUTEC). He is a member of the Advisory Board of Qualitative Research Connect, a company based in the United States. He is a member of the Scientific Committee for New Trends in Qualitative Research (NTQR). He serves as the founder of the Qualitative Research Association of Africa (QRAAf).

  • Simon Pierre Ndayishimye Mvuyekure, Africa Health Science University, Rwanda

    Dr. Simon Pierre Ndayishimye Mvuyekure is a Rwandan medical professional and Obstetrics and Gynecology candidate at Africa Health Sciences University. He currently practices as a physician at Kibuye District Hospital, where he provides clinical care and contributes to maternal and reproductive health services. In addition to his clinical responsibilities, he serves as Chairman of the Quality Improvement Committee at Rwamagana Level II Teaching Hospital, where he leads initiatives aimed at strengthening healthcare standards and patient safety. His dual roles in clinical practice and hospital leadership reflect his commitment to advancing quality healthcare delivery in Rwanda.

  • Christian Ndede, Cavite State University, Philippines

    Dr. Christian Ndende is a Ghanaian scholar and PhD candidate at Cavite State University. He currently serves as a Virtual Assistant with Tardus Wealth Strategies, where he contributes to strategic support and operational efficiency. His academic and professional pursuits reflect a strong commitment to research, innovation, and global collaboration.

  • Kwizera Jules Jordan, Saint Louis Baguio , Philippines

    Mr. Jules Jordan Kwizera is a Rwandan public health professional and Master’s degree holder from Saint Louis University, Baguio. He currently serves as a Virtual Assistant, applying his skills in organization, communication, and health-related research support. His academic background and professional engagement reflect a strong commitment to advancing public health knowledge and practice.

References

1) Baumann, A. A., Hooley, C., Goss, C. W., Mutabazi, V., Brown, A. L., Schechtman, K. B., Twagirumukiza, M., De Las Fuentes, L., Reeds, D., Williams, M., Mutimura, E., Bergström, A., Nishimwe, A., Ingabire, C., & Davila-Roman, V. G. (2021). Exploring contextual factors influencing the implementation of evidence-based care for hypertension in Rwanda: a cross-sectional study using the COACH questionnaire. BMJ Open, 11(9), e048425. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048425

2) Christopoulos, K. A., Hickey, M. D., & Rana, A. (2024). Use of long-acting injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine in people with HIV and adherence challenges. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, 20(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1097/coh.0000000000000904

3) Czarnogorski, M., Garris, C., Wannamaker, P., D’Amico, R., Selenski, C., Williams, W., McHorney, C. A., Stassek, L., Wohlfeiler, M., Sinclair, G. I., Mena, L. A., & Margolis, D. (2020). 1037. Qualitative Findings from a Hybrid III Implementation-Effectiveness Study to Explore Perspectives of Health-care Staff on Early Implementation of Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Long Acting (CAB+RPV LA) Injectable HIV treatment in the US (CUSTOMIZE). Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 7(Supplement_1), S549. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1223

4) Fletcher, L., Burrowes, S., Sabin, L. L., McCann, N., Khan, G. K., Ruiz-Mercado, G., Johnson, S., Kimmel, S. D., Pierre, C., & Drainoni, M. (2024). Long-Acting Injectable ART in Practice: A Mixed Methods implementation study assessing the feasibility of using LAI ART in high risk populations and at alternative low barrier care sites. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 38(5), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2024.0048

5) Gutner, C. A., Hocqueloux, L., Jonsson‐Oldenbüttel, C., Vandekerckhove, L., Van Welzen, B. J., Slama, L., Crusells‐Canales, M., Sierra, J. O., DeMoor, R., Scherzer, J., Ait‐Khaled, M., Bontempo, G., Gill, M., Patel, N., D’Amico, R., Hove, K., Baugh, B., Barnes, N., Hadi, M., . . . Czarnogorski, M. (2024). Implementation of long‐acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine: primary results from the perspective of staff study participants in the Cabotegravir And Rilpivirine Implementation Study in European Locations. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 27(7). https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26243

6) Hickey, M. D., Grochowski, J., Mayorga-Munoz, F., Oskarsson, J., Imbert, E., Spinelli, M., Szumowski, J. D., Appa, A., Koester, K., Dauria, E. F., McNulty, M., Colasanti, J., Havlir, D. V., Gandhi, M., & Christopoulos, K. A. (2024). Identifying Implementation Determinants and Strategies for Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir-Rilpivirine in People with HIV Who Are Virally Unsuppressed. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. https://doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000003421

7) Hiv, N. L. (2022). Equitable access to long-acting PrEP on the way? The Lancet HIV, 9(7), e449. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-3018(22)00167-9

8) Hsu, R. K., Phoenix, J., Sinclair, G. I., Gupta, S. K., Puga, A., Nguyen, K., Schubert, C. K., Merrill, D., Richardson, D., Nelson, K., Reynolds, M., Zografos, L., Jean-Louis, A., & Garris, C. (2022). 1288. US Healthcare Provider Perspectives on the initiation of cabotegravir and rilpivirine long-acting (CAB+RPV LA) in an observational real-world study (BEYOND). Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 9(Supplement_2). https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac492.1119

9) Jenkins, S. Y., Resar, D., Panos, Z., Staple, A., Watkins, M., Ripin, D., & Amole, C. (2023a). Securing accelerated access to long‐acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV prevention in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 26(S2). https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26101

10) Jenkins, S. Y., Resar, D., Panos, Z., Staple, A., Watkins, M., Ripin, D., & Amole, C. (2023b). Securing accelerated access to long‐acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV prevention in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 26(S2). https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26101

11) Johnson, L. F., Myer, L., Jamieson, L., Meyer-Rath, G., Delany-Moretlwe, S., & Davey, D. J. (2023). The potential benefits of long-acting injectable cabotegravir in pregnant and breastfeeding women and their infants. AIDS, 38(4), 589–594. https://doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000003803

12) Meyer‐Rath, G., Jamieson, L., & Pillay, Y. (2023). What will it take for an injectable ARV to change the face of the HIV epidemic in high‐prevalence countries? Considerations regarding drug costs and operations. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 26(S2). https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26106

13) Moyo, E., Murewanhema, G., Musuka, G., & Dzinamarira, T. (2022). Long-Acting injectable drugs for HIV-1 Pre-Exposure prophylaxis: Considerations for Africa. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 7(8), 154. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080154

14) Nkundabaza, C., Stamatakis, C., Mukamurigo, J., & Ndagijimana, A. (2024). The level of non-adherence and its associated factors among adult HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in Nyamasheke district, Rwanda: a cross-sectional study, 2023. Research Square (Research Square). https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4575128/v1

15) Nkurunziza, C., Ghebre, R., Magriples, U., Ntasumbumuyange, D., & Bazzett-Matabele, L. (2021). Healthcare provider challenges to early detection of cervical cancer at primary healthcare level in Rwanda. Gynecologic Oncology Reports, 37, 100810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2021.100810

16) Pierre, B. J., Ntakirutimana, T., Habimana, & Munyanshongore, C. (2024). KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS TOWARDS INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES FOR NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF RWANDA. Authorea (Authorea). https://doi.org/10.22541/au.173226988.81764933/v1

17) Pimenta, M. C., Torres, T. S., Hoagland, B., Cohen, M., Mann, C. G., Jalil, C. M., Carvalheira, E., Freitas, L., Fernandes, N., Castanheira, D., Benedetti, M., Moreira, J., Simpson, K., Trefiglio, R., O’Malley, G., Veloso, V. G., & Grinsztejn, B. (2024a). Preparing for the Implementation of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Within the Brazilian Public Health System (ImPrEP CAB Brasil): Qualitative Study (Preprint). JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.60961

18) Pimenta, M. C., Torres, T. S., Hoagland, B., Cohen, M., Mann, C. G., Jalil, C. M., Carvalheira, E., Freitas, L., Fernandes, N., Castanheira, D., Benedetti, M., Moreira, J., Simpson, K., Trefiglio, R., O’Malley, G., Veloso, V. G., & Grinsztejn, B. (2024b). Preparing for the implementation of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir for HIV Pre-Exposure prophylaxis within the Brazilian Public Health System (IMPREP CAB Brasil): Qualitative study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 10, e60961. https://doi.org/10.2196/60961

19) Pimenta, M. C., Torres, T. S., Hoagland, B., Cohen, M., Mann, C. G., Jalil, C. M., Carvalheira, E., Freitas, L., Fernandes, N., Castanheira, D., Benedetti, M., Moreira, J., Simpson, K., Trefiglio, R., O’Malley, G., Veloso, V. G., & Grinsztejn, B. (2024c). Preparing for the implementation of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir for HIV Pre-Exposure prophylaxis within the Brazilian Public Health System (IMPREP CAB Brasil): Qualitative study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 10, e60961. https://doi.org/10.2196/60961

20) Tumwine, Y., Rajab, K., Kutyabami, P., Nyandwi, J. B., & Asingizwe, D. (2023). Cold chain management practices of non-vaccine commodities in public health facilities of Rwenzori Region, Western Uganda. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40545-023-00516-5

21) Van Welzen, B., Vandekerckhove, L., Jonsson-Oldenbuettel, C., Hocqueloux, L., Demoor, R., Scherzer, J., Barnes, N., Czarnogorski, M., Gutner, C., & Slama, L. (2023). Implémentation de CAB+RPV LA: résultats de l’étude européenne CARISEL. Médecine Et Maladies Infectieuses Formation, 2(2), S154–S155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mmifmc.2023.03.356

22) Venkatesh, R., Huang, A. S., Gurmessa, K., & Hsu, E. B. (2024, December). Understanding Barriers to Hepatitis C Antiviral Treatment in Low–Middle-Income Countries. In Healthcare (Vol. 13, No. 1, p. 43). MDPI. doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13010043 Add to Citavi project by DOI

23) Waters, L., & Sparrowhawk, A. (2022). Clinical implementation of long-acting antiretroviral treatment in high-income countries: challenges and advantages. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, 17(3), 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1097/coh.0000000000000730

Downloads

Published

2025-10-14

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 04 (2025): Volume 01 , Issue 04 October 2025

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Aime Fidele Ndayiragije Mvuyekure, Edivaldo Abel, Kingsley Garba Jacob, Simon Pierre Ndayishimye Mvuyekure, Christian Ndede, Kwizera Jules Jordan (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Ndayiragije Mvuyekure, A. F., Abel, E., Jacob, K. G., Mvuyekure, S. P. N., Ndede, C., & Jordan, K. J. (2025). The Influence of Training and Resource Availability on the Implementation Success of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir (LA-CAB) At Gitwe Hospital. Journal of Social Science and Human Research Studies, 1(04), 120-128. https://jsshrs.ep-journals.org/index.php/jsshrs/article/view/38

Most read articles by the same author(s)